Jerusalem has a very long history. Archaeological findings indicate the existence of a settlement in Jerusalem in the 3rd millennium BCE. The first mention of the city in historic sources begins in the 2nd millennium BCE. First built and founded by the Jebusites, it became the capital of the Jewish kingdoms of Israel, Judah and Judea in the First Temple and Second Temple periods. It continued to be the main city in the Holy Land during the Muslim rule. It is a holy city of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Jerusalem is the de facto capital of the modern State of Israel; until 1967, this was comprised only of western Jerusalem. The status of the eastern part of Jerusalem, administered by Israel since 1967, as part of the Israeli capital or a capital for a future Palestinian state, and the control over that part of the city and its holy places, are subjects of international controversy.

With a population of 704,900 (as of December 31, 2004 ^[1]), Jerusalem is a heterogeneous city, representing a wide range of national, religious, and socioeconomic groups. The section called the "Old City" is surrounded by walls and consists of four quarters: Armenian, Christian, Jewish, and Muslim. The current mayor of Jerusalem is Uri Lupolianski, the first Haredi to ever hold such position.

Atarot Airport is Jerusalem's airport but its use has been discontinued due to security concerns related to its location near the Palestinian city of Ramallah. Ben Gurion International Airport, 40km northwest of the city, serves as the primary international air transport hub for both Jerusalem and Tel Aviv.

Source: Wikipedia